Researchers from Tomsk Polytechnic University jointly with their colleagues from St. Petersburg, Hamburg and London have conducted a study in the course of which it was found out that polymer and hybrid silica-coated microcapsules are more efficient in genome-editing when applying CRISPR-Cas9 system.
In the future, this joint development will significantly simplify and increase the efficiency of genome-editing which can help cure previously irremediable inherited diseases such as Alzheimer’s, hemophilia and many others.
Clustered Regulatory Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats / Cas9 (CRISPR-Cas9) is a revolutionary genome-editing technology which has a huge potential for research and clinical applications.
According to one of the co-authors Prof. Boris Fehse, the Research Department of Cell and Genome Therapy, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany, bacteria have an adoptive immune system ensuring recognition and eradication of viruses (bacteriophages) if they try to infect them more than once. For this purpose bacteria incorporate short sequences of the viral genome into their own genome (in the CRISPR region) and utilize them as a template to synthesize short complementary RNAs that recognize a phage genome using the key-lock principle (similar to human antibodies recognizing pathogens that try to infect a person repeatedly).
The existing gene-editing technologies such as ZFNs and TALENs, and the latest CRISPR-Cas9 have the main challenge being a long-lasting problem of gene therapy, i.e. safe and efficient delivery.
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