The human brain could be far more powerful than we ever imagined, scientists have discovered.

Researchers have identified cell messaging which have never been uncovered before, which suggests our brains are capable of more than previously realised.

It’s all to do with the outer cortical cells, with the findings suggesting that single human neurons are remarkably powerful.

The research, which was first published in Science in 2020 and undertaken by experts at Germany and Greece institutes.

Their research involved analysing the brain’s outer cortical cells using fluorescent microscopy and they found that individual cells ‘fired’ using sodium ions (which was to be expected) as well as calcium.

During the research, scientists observed voltage passing through brain cells with a combination of positively charged ions which had never been seen before.

“The dendrites are central to understanding the brain because they are at the core of what determines the computational power of single neurons,” said study co-author and Humboldt University neuroscientist Matthew Larkum.

By modelling the unique electrical qualities explored in the study, the researchers discovered that single neurons were able to solve the kinds of computational problems which were previously thought to require more complex networks in the brain.

The study went further than experts had gone before in this area, with most research previously conducted on rodents.

“There was a ‘eureka’ moment when we saw the dendritic action potentials for the first time,” Larkum said. “The experiments were very challenging, so to push the questions past just repeating what has been done in rodents already was very satisfying.”

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